1. Carry out daily maintenance of the unit in strict accordance with the specified requirements to ensure reliable operation of the unit

良好的維護保養能保證機組可靠運行。正常使用情況下,保養工作應按規定的日保養、周保養、月保養要求進行。通過這些規定的保養,能及時發現機組是否存在聲音異常、動作異常、外觀異常、溫度異常、壓力異常和氣味異常等故障現象,從而及時對機組進行檢查和調整,進而有針對性的加以解決,確保機組運行在狀態。在這些保養要求中,要特別注意以下三個方麵的檢查和保養:

Good maintenance can ensure the reliable operation of the unit. Under normal use, the maintenance shall be carried out according to the specified daily, weekly and monthly maintenance requirements. Through these specified maintenance, it can timely find out whether the unit has fault phenomena such as abnormal sound, abnormal action, abnormal appearance, abnormal temperature, abnormal pressure and abnormal smell, so as to timely check and adjust the unit, and then solve it pertinently to ensure that the unit operates in the best state. In these maintenance requirements, special attention should be paid to the following three aspects of inspection and maintenance:

(1) 潤滑係統的檢查和保養。

(1) Inspection and maintenance of lubrication system.

該種類型機組由於存在運轉部件多,運轉部件工作條件惡劣,大多處在高溫、高衝擊載荷狀態下,需要潤滑的部位較多,對潤滑係統的可靠性要求較為苛刻,因此要注意檢查潤滑油係統的油質情況、油位情況、油溫和油壓情況,注意離心濾清器和機油濾清器的清洗,避免出現因潤滑不良造成的機組零部件磨損加劇,縮短機組零部件的使用壽命,加大維護工作量;

Due to the large number of operating parts and poor working conditions of operating parts of this type of unit, most of them are in the state of high temperature and high impact load, there are many parts requiring lubrication, and the reliability requirements of the lubrication system are relatively strict. Therefore, pay attention to check the oil quality, oil level, oil temperature and oil pressure of the lubricating oil system, and pay attention to the cleaning of centrifugal filter and oil filter, Avoid increasing the wear of unit parts caused by poor lubrication, shorten the service life of unit parts and increase the maintenance workload;

(2) 空氣過濾器的檢查和保養。空氣過濾器如果運轉良好的話,將有效地避免因進氣阻力大引起的增壓壓力下降過大,進而造成渦輪增壓器出現漏油現象;還可避免因流量減少引起的渦輪增壓器壓氣機喘振現象。因此要定期清理空氣過濾器,必要時更換新濾芯。在潮濕地區可將紙質濾芯抽掉。

(2) Inspection and maintenance of air filter. If the air filter works well, it will effectively avoid excessive pressure drop caused by large air inlet resistance, which will lead to oil leakage of turbocharger; It can also avoid the surge of turbocharger compressor caused by flow reduction. Therefore, clean the air filter regularly and replace the filter element if necessary. The paper filter element can be removed in wet areas.

(3) 相關間隙和角度的檢查和調整。主要是火花塞間隙、氣門間隙和配氣定時等的檢查和調整。

(3) Inspection and adjustment of relevant clearance and angle. It mainly refers to the inspection and adjustment of spark plug clearance, valve clearance and valve timing.

機組運行一段時間後,火花塞的間隙會有所變大,這是正常現象。以泰州市兆航機電設備有限公司生產的設備為例當間隙增大到0. 89mm 時,火花塞將出現失火現象,造成機組運行不穩,甚至停車,所以應定期檢查和調整,同時消除火花塞及其螺紋處出現的積炭,確保其好用。另外,機組經長時間運轉後,由於配氣機構的磨損和鬆動等原因,會引起氣門間隙的變化,應定期檢查並調整氣門間隙。配氣定時在正常情況下不需要進行調整,當機組各缸工作狀態出現異常時,應首先檢查指針上止點指示位置是否正確,檢查傳動係統各齒輪傳動記號是否對準,整個係統的裝配關係及氣門間隙是否正確。若經檢查調整後,仍與規定值差異較大時,則應考慮凸輪軸或齒輪傳動件有無損壞現象,必要時進行修複或更換。

After the unit operates for a period of time, the gap of spark plug will become larger, which is a normal phenomenon. Taking the equipment produced by Taizhou zhaohang Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. as an example, when the gap increases to 0.5 At 89mm, the spark plug will catch fire, resulting in unstable operation and even shutdown of the unit. Therefore, regular inspection and adjustment shall be carried out, and the carbon deposit at the spark plug and its thread shall be eliminated to ensure its good use. In addition, after long-term operation of the unit, the valve clearance will change due to wear and looseness of the valve mechanism. The valve clearance should be checked and adjusted regularly. The valve timing does not need to be adjusted under normal conditions. When the working state of each cylinder of the unit is abnormal, first check whether the indication position of the top dead center of the pointer is correct, whether the transmission marks of each gear of the transmission system are aligned, and whether the assembly relationship and valve clearance of the whole system are correct. If there is still a large difference from the specified value after inspection and adjustment, consider whether the camshaft or gear transmission parts are damaged, and repair or replace them if necessary.

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